2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. Toll-like Receptor (TLR)

Toll-like Receptor (TLR)

Toll-like Receptor (TLR)

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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system. They are single, membrane-spanning, non-catalytic receptors usually expressed in sentinel cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, that recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes. Once these microbes have breached physical barriers such as the skin or intestinal tract mucosa, they are recognized by TLRs, which activate immune cell responses. The TLRs include TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, TLR10, TLR11, TLR12, and TLR13. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in the early innate immune response to invading pathogens by sensing microorganism and are involved in sensing endogenous danger signals. TLRs are evolutionarily conserved receptors are homologues of the Drosophila Toll protein, discovered to be important for defense against microbial infection. TLRs recognize highly conserved structural motifs known as pathogen-associated microbial patterns (PAMPs), which are exclusively expressed by microbial pathogens.

Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Specific Products:

Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-150215A
    ODN 105870 sodium
    		Inhibitor
    ODN 105870 sodium, a G-modified inhibitory oligonucleotide (INH-ODN), is a selective TLR7 inhibitor. ODN 105870 sodium can be uesd for inflammatory immune responses research.
    ODN 105870 sodium
  • HY-161630
    TLR8 agonist 8
    		Agonist
    TLR8 agonist 8 (Compound II-72) is an agonist for Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) with EC50 of 0.25-1 μM. TLR8 agonist 8 is stable in human and murine plasma, induces secretion of cytokines TNFα, with EC50 <1 μM. TLR8 agonist 8 exhibits antitumor activity in MC38-HER2 xenograft mouse model with a tumor growth inhibition (TGI) rate of 89%.
    TLR8 agonist 8
  • HY-D1056B2
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus mirabilis
    Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus mirabilis is a kind of endotoxins derived from Proteus mirabilis.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus mirabilis
  • HY-153839A
    ODN 4084-F sodium
    		Inhibitor
    ODN 4084-F sodium is a class B (‘broadly-active’) inhibitory ODN. ODN 4084-F sodium is potent inhibitor of TLR9-induced B cells and macrophages.
    ODN 4084-F sodium
  • HY-145253
    Tri(TLR4-IN-C34-C2-amide-PEG1)-amide-C3-COOH
    		Inhibitor
    Tri(TLR4-IN-C34-C2-amide-PEG1)-amide-C3-COOH is a linker that incorporates TLR4 inhibitor TLR4-IN-C34. TLR4-IN-C34 inhibits TLR4 in enterocytes and macrophages, and reduces systemic inflammation in mouse models of endotoxemia and necrotizing enterocolitis.
    Tri(TLR4-IN-C34-C2-amide-PEG1)-amide-C3-COOH
  • HY-D1056D
    Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis
    Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis is a kind of endotoxins derived from P. gingivalis.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis
  • HY-P10208
    RKH
    		Antagonist
    PKH is a TLR4 antagonist. PKH is a novel tripeptide and can be isolated from Akkermansia muciniphila. RKH reduces sepsis-induced inflammatory cell activation and proinflammatory factor overproduction.
    RKH
  • HY-139785A
    Cavrotolimod sodium
    		Inhibitor
    Cavrotolimod sodium is an immunostimulatory spherical nucleic acid (SNA) modified with type B CpG oligonucleotides designed to agonize TLR9 and elicit immune responses useful in oncology applications.
    Cavrotolimod sodium
  • HY-149650A
    TLR4 agonist-1 TEA
    		Agonist
    TLR4 agonist-1 (TEA) (compound 17a) is a potent agonist of Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4), and induces the generation of MIP-1β in RAW 264.7 and MM6 cells.
    TLR4 agonist-1 TEA
  • HY-144497
    HE-S2
    		Activator
    HE-S2 is an antibody-drug conjugate triggering a potent antitumor immune response. HE-S2 acts by blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and activating the Toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) signaling pathway. HE-S2 has remarkable antitumor activity.
    HE-S2
  • HY-159743
    M101
    M101 is a vaccine adjuvant and a key component in vaccines. Adjuvants can be divided into immunostimulants and delivery systems. Adjuvants can not only enhance the intensity and durability of immune responses, but also affect the type of immune responses. On the one hand, immunostimulants promote the production of antigen signals and co-stimulatory signals by targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the maturation and activation of antigen presenting cells (APCs), thereby enhancing adaptive immune responses; on the other hand, delivery systems are carrier materials that promote antigen delivery by prolonging the bioavailability of loaded antigens and targeting antigens to lymph nodes or APCs. Several common adjuvants include: saponins, TLRs agonists, polysaccharides, nanoparticles, cytokines, and mucosal adjuvants.
    M101
  • HY-159100
    PVP-037
    		Agonist
    PVP-037 is a potent TLR7 and TLR8 agonist adjuvant. PVP-037 shows broad innate immune activation and enhances vaccine immune responses .
    PVP-037
  • HY-145885
    TLR7/8 agonist 6
    		Agonist
    TLR7/8 agonist 6 (Compound 4) is the potent agonist of TLR7/8 with IC50s of 0.18 and 5.34 μM, respectively. TLR7/8 agonist 6 is an imidazoquinoline derivative compound. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 7 and 8 are key targets in the development of immunomodulatory drugs for researching infectious disease, cancer, and autoimmune disorders.
    TLR7/8 agonist 6
  • HY-107352S
    Fosfenopril-d7
    Fosfenopril-d7 is deuterium labeled Fosfenopril.
    Fosfenopril-d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-B0892R
    Benzyl alcohol (Standard)
    		Activator
    Benzyl alcohol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benzyl alcohol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benzyl alcohol is an aromatic alcohol, a colorless liquid with a mild aromatic odor.
    Benzyl alcohol (Standard)
  • HY-150212A
    Tilsotolimod sodium
    		Inhibitor
    Tilsotolimod (sodium) is a synthetic Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist that has demonstrated antitumor activity in preclinical models.
    Tilsotolimod sodium
  • HY-P1405
    Pam3CSK4-Biotin
    		Agonist
    Pam3CSK4-Biotin is biotinylated Pam3CSK4. Pam3CSK4-Biotin is a Toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2) agonist.
    Pam3CSK4-Biotin
  • HY-D1056B4
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Salmonella typhosa
    		Activator
    Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from Salmonella typhosa is a kind of endotoxins derived from Salmonella typhosa.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Salmonella typhosa
  • HY-169242
    JAK1-IN-16
    		Inhibitor
    JAK1-IN-16 (compound 4l) is an inhibitor of JAK1/STAT3 and effectively downregulates TLR4 protein expression..
    JAK1-IN-16
  • HY-153070
    TLR7 agonist 5
    		Agonist
    TLR7 agonist 5 (compound IIb-11) is an TLR7 agonist with an EC50 value of ~4 nM.
    TLR7 agonist 5
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Comparison

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